Buprestidae of South Australia
( Jewel beetles )
by Peter J. Lang
Melobasis abnormis   Carter, 1923
subfamily  Buprestinae » tribe  Melobasini » subtribe  Melobasina
Melobasis  species group: abnormis
Melobasis abnormis   Adult images
Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505D, male, from Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, (reared adult), MU, 11.4 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505G, female, from Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, (dead non-emerged adult), MU, 12.5 × 5.0 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505J, female, on Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, (reared adult), MU, 13.0 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505J, female, on Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, (reared adult), MU, 13.0 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505I, female, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 13.2 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505I, female, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 13.2 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, on Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, on Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505I, female, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 13.2 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505F, male, shown on larval host species Pittosporum angustifolium (reared adult), MU, 11.8 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, AMS, female, on Pittosporum angustifolium, leg. Fiona Murdoch in VIC, photo by Allen Sundholm Melobasis abnormis, AMS, female, on Pittosporum angustifolium, leg. Fiona Murdoch in VIC, photo by Allen Sundholm
Actual
size¹:
12.2 mm
×
5.0 mm
Measurements (mm)
malefemale
L111.6
11.35 – 11.8
n = 412.9
12.45 – 13.2
n = 3
L211.3
11 – 11.55
n = 412.7
12.25 – 12.9
n = 3
W4.8
4.8 – 4.8
n = 45.2
5 – 5.35
n = 3
Legend  L1length from clypeus/frons to elytral apex (mean, range, sample size)
L2length from anterior of edge of eyes to elytral apex
Wmaximum width with elytra fully closed
Melobasis abnormis  Distinctive features

Surface of elytra irregularly crinkled and glabrous. Colouration dark bronze-grey with silvery reflections. Short, broad convex shape.

Notes

This early-emerging species was confirmed for SA in September 2022 when I reared the first adults from billets collected north of Renmark. Until then it had been included on these pages only as a probable occurrence with the following comment. 'Although attributed to SA on the Australian Fauna Directory, no definite records from SA have been ascertained. However, it is almost certain to occur here given recent collections in north-western Victoria from a host plant and habitat type that are both well represented in SA.'

In north-western Victoria it was first collected in 1922 from Linga which is only 67 km east from the SA border. In September 2020 it was 'rediscovered' by Fiona and Phil Murdoch at a site south of Mildura and about 130 km east of the SA border.

The Holotype specimen is purportedly from Israelite Bay in WA, and its occurrence there needs verification.

Distribution
SA Regions¹:  MU
Australian States:  WA?SAVICQLD
Southern South Australian occurrences
LegendP.J.Lang collection vouchered records
other private collection or museum specimens, or sightings
Satellite map
Terrain map
Enlarge map
Adult activity records for Melobasis abnormis  (total of 4 beetles)
3
1
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Legend
live emerged adults, count > median value of 3 per quarter month
live emerged adults, count <= median value of 3
live non-emerged adults only, for that quarter month
12
number of active beetles for that quarter month
Melobasis abnormis Breeding record images
Melobasis abnormis, PL5505B, larva, from Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, dorsal & ventral views, MU, 29.0 × 6.5 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505B, larva, from Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, dorsal & ventral views, MU, 29.0 × 6.5 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505J, female, reared adult, MU, 13.0 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505J, female, reared adult, MU, 13.0 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505J, female, reared adult, on Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, MU, 13.0 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505J, female, reared adult, on Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, MU, 13.0 × 5.4 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505D, male, reared adult, from Pittosporum angustifolium dead stem, MU, 11.4 × 4.8 mm Melobasis abnormis, PL5505G, female, dead non-emerged adult, from Pittosporum angustifolium stem, MU, 12.5 × 5.0 mm Melobasis abnormis, AMS, female, on Pittosporum angustifolium ovipositing, leg. Fiona Murdoch in Vic, photo by Allen Sundholm
Larval host plant
records sites SA regions¹ family adult deadadult ex billetadult ex pupalarva
121MUP2415
Legendrecordscount of breeding adults, pupae and larvae
sitescount of major sites (unique 10 km grid cells +/- some distinct approximate localities)
adultlive = extracted alive;   dead = extracted dead as intact or fragmentary remains;   ex billet = reared and emerged from stored sections of host;   ex pupa = reared from sampled pupa
pupaextracted pupa;   pupa ex larva = reared pupa from larva
larvaextracted larva (any stage including prepupa)
gall (only)hatched or unhatched gall identified by form and position rather than contents
Plant names in green are hyperlinked to a matching host species page with plant photos.
Plant family
Code records % host plant taxa
P Pittosporaceae 12 100% 1
Position in larval host
positionrecordssitesadult deadadult ex billetadult ex pupalarva
dead stem1212415
Host plant notes

Recent collections from north-western Victoria (A.M. Sundholm, 2020, pers. comm.) establish Native Apricot Pittosporum angustifolium) as an adult host.

The role of P. angustifolium as a larval host is indicated by Sundholm’s observation of a specimen in captivity ovipositing on stems (see image above), confirmed by sightings of the eggs. This is now attested by the 7 adults that I extracted or reared from billets obtained from the lower trunks of two adjacent dead P. angustifolium saplings. The billets had 19 preexisting exit holes of matching size and shape, indicating emergence of M. abnormis in the preceding season.

Wilson 1936 reported cutting a single dead adult of this species from the trunk of a 'sandalwood tree' in 1922 on the shores of a salt lake in the centre of the Little Desert to the south of Kiata, Vic. There is a corresponding specimen in the National Museum of Victoria (from Linga) and its identity as M. abnormis is not in doubt. Based on the usual application of the common name ‘sandalwood’ mentioned by Wilson 1936 (and also written on the specimen label), the breeding host was presumed to be a species of Santalum, with Quandong, S. acuminatum considered the most likely candidate. However, as the 2020 adult collections were from P. angustifolium, and this is a small tree of similar appearance to Santalum in its habit and foliage shape, it seems more likely that Wilson was referring to the latter species in his ‘sandalwood tree’ reference.

¹ LegendregionsSA State Herbarium regions (map)
EA: Eastern, EP: Eyre Peninsula, FR: Flinders Ranges, GT: Gairdner-Torrens, KI: Kangaroo Island, LE: Lake Eyre, MU: Murray, NL: Northern Lofty, NU: Nullarbor, NW: North-Western, SE: South-Eastern, SL: Southern Lofty, YP: Yorke Peninsula
sizeThe ellipse is the correct size when printed, indicative on a desktop screen, and likely to be wrong on a mobile device.