Brachyscome graminea

Asteraceae

Grass Daisy

Display all 16 images

plant: Brachyscome graminea (Meadows Creek Feb 2009) 5

plant: B graminea growing in Meadows Creek (PJA 198)1

plant: Brachyscome graminea Pethers Lane2

plant: Brachyscome graminea plants Andy Ellis swamp 1

plant: Brachyscome graminea plant Andy Ellis swamp

plant: Brachyscome graminea lf DEM9839 Finniss River

plant: Brachyscome graminea lf under DEM9839 Finniss River

flower: Brachyscome graminea flower (March 2008)6

flower: Brachyscome graminea Pethers Lane flowers

flower: Brachyscome graminea f DEM9839 Finniss River

flower: Brachyscome graminea fl DEM9839 Finniss River

fruit: Brachyscome graminea mature seed head (1) March 09

fruit: Brachyscome graminea mature seed head (3) March 09

seed: Brachyscome graminea DJD3334 Recorded by Ben Simon from Finnis River

seed: Brachyscome graminea DJD3334 seeds

Regional Species Conservation Assessments per IBRA subregion.

Least concern

Near threatened

Rare

Vulnerable

Endangered

Critically endangered

Extinct

Data deficient

Adelaide

Arkaroola

Ceduna

Coober Pedy

Hawker

Innamincka

Marla

Marree

Mount Gambier

Oodnadatta

Renmark

Wudinna

Keith

Yunta

Enlarge Map

•

Copy Map

Display IBRA region text

Botanical art

Kath Alcock paintings: 4

Prior names

Brachyscome angustifolia

Bellis graminea

Brachycome graminea

Common names

Grass Daisy

Etymology

Brachyscome from the Greek 'brachys' meaning short and 'kome' meaning hair, referring to the tufts of short bristles or hairs of the pappus. Graminea from the Latin 'gramen' meaning grass, alluding to the grass-like appearance of the species.

Distribution and status

Few records from the southern Mount Lofty Ranges and the lower South-east in South Australia, growing in moist areas from swamps to saline marshes and along watercourses. Also found in New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. Native. Rare in South Australia. Common in the other States.
Herbarium regions: Murray, Southern Lofty, South Eastern, Green Adelaide
AVH map: SA distribution map (external link)

Plant description

Stoloniferous perennial herb to 70 cm high with weak, ascending to erect, often branched, sparsely hairy stems. Leaves often crowded near the base of the stem, sessile, erect, linear to oblanceolate, narrow at the base, entire, acute, to 14 cm long and 7 mm wide, grass-like glabrous, with a prominent mid-vein, Flowers white daisy on long stalk appearing mostly through the warmer months but may flower all year if conditions are suitable. Fruits are brown daisy-heads. Seeds are yellow to pale-brown, flat ovoid seed to 2.5 mm long and 2 mm wide. Seed embryo type is spatulate fully developed.

Seed collection and propagation

Collect seeds between January and March. Pick heads that are maturing, drying off, with brown seeds that dislodge easily. Place the seed-heads in a tray and leave to dry for a week. Then gently rub the heads by hand to dislodge the seeds. Use a sieve to separate the unwanted material. Store the seeds with a desiccant such as dried silica beads or dry rice, in an air tight container in a cool and dry place. Seed viability can be average. This species may have physiological dormancy that needs to be overcome for the seed to germinate. Summer or spring/autumn conditions promote high germination rates. The species has a requirement for fluctuating day/night temperatures, rather than constant temperatures. Germination can be improved with moist stratification (5^oC for up to six months) or dry after-ripening (30 - 45^oC for six months).

Seeds stored:

Hide

Location	No. of seeds (weight grams)	Number of plants	Date collected	Collection number Collection location	Date stored	% Viability	Storage temperature
BGA MSB	7,200 (2.43 g) 1,000 (0.52 g)	100+	31-Jan-2008	PJA169 South Eastern	1-Jun-2010	65%	-18°C
BGA	4,000 (2.06 g)	100+	27-Mar-2008	PJA168 South Eastern	1-Jun-2010	90%	+5°C, -18°C
BGA	4,100 (2 g)	100+	11-Feb-2009	DJD1495 South Eastern	1-Jun-2010	80%	-18°C
BGA	10,600 (4.62 g)		17-Mar-2009	DJD1495 South Eastern	1-Jan-2012	80%	+5°C, -18°C
BGA	9,700 (1.79 g)	100+	23-Feb-2016	DJD3334 Southern Lofty	2-May-2017	75%	+5°C, -18°C, -80°C
		200+	11-Feb-2009	DJD1495 South Eastern	1-Nov-2017	80%	-18°C
BGA	3,300 (0.930 g)		28-Mar-2021	DEM9839 Southern Lofty	28-Jun-2021	95%	-18°C

Location: BGA — the seeds are stored at the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, MSB — the seeds are stored at the Millennium Seed Bank, Kew, England.
Number of plants: This is the number of plants from which the seeds were collected.
Collection location: The Herbarium of South Australia's region name.
% Viability: Percentage of filled healthy seeds determined by a cut test or x-ray.

Germination table:

Display

Date	Result	T0	T50	Pre-treatment \| Germination medium \| Incubator: Photoperiod / Thermoperiod
Jul-10	84%	14	21	1% agar; Incubated under summer conditions
Jul-16	83%	21	35	500 mg/L gibberellic acid 24h; 1% agar; Incubated under winter conditions
Jul-16	77%	14	28	leached in water 24 h; 1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions
Jul-16	67%	7	28	500 mg/L gibberellic acid 24h; 1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions
Jul-16	60%	28	42	leached in water 24 h; 1% agar; Incubated under winter conditions
Jul-10	60%	14	35	1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions
Jul-10	0%	NA	NA	1% agar; Incubated under winter conditions

Result: Maximum percentage of germination observed.
T0: Number of days before first germinant observed.
T50: Number of days to achieve 50% germination.
Pre-treatment: The initial treatment that the seeds received prior to placement on germination media.
Germination medium: The substrate that seeds were placed on for the duration of the germination experiment.
Incubator conditions:
Photoperiod: The duration of light exposure that the seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Thermoperiod: The constant or diurnal temperatures that seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Winter conditions: 15°C 20 h (3am→11pm); 5°C 4 h (11pm→3am) / 10 h light (8am→6pm); 14 h dark (6pm→8am)
Spring/Autumn conditions: 22°C 12 h (8am→8pm); 10°C 12 h (8pm→8am) / 12 h light (8am→8pm); 12 h dark (8pm→8am)
Summer conditions: 30°C 14 h (6am→8pm); 15°C 10 h (8pm→6am) / 14 h light (6am→8pm); 10 h dark (8pm→6am)

Bridgewater (NCP01)	Naracoorte Coastal Plain	Vulnerable (IUCN: VU B2ab(ii,iii)) (Probable Decline) [weeds a threat]
Glenelg Plain (NCP02)		Endangered (IUCN: EN D) (Probable Decline) [weeds a threat]
Lucindale (NCP03)		Vulnerable (IUCN: VU B2ab(ii,iii)) (Probable Decline) [weeds a threat]
Fleurieu (KAN02)	Kanmantoo	Vulnerable (IUCN: VU D2) [occurs mainly Finnis River area, also found in Meadows Ck area]
Murray Mallee (MDD02)	Murray Darling Depression	Vulnerable (IUCN: VU B2ab(i,ii,iii)) (Probable Decline) [records on loan; could be higher rating; needs swamp conditions]