Sclerolaena fontinalis

Amaranthaceae

Mound Spring Bindyi

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plant: Sclerolaena fontinalis JRG335 plant Witjira NP

plant: Sclerolaena fontinalis JRG Witjira NP plant 3

plant: Sclerolaena fontinalis JRG335 Witjira NP plant 6

flower: Sclerolaena fontinalis JRG Witjira NP flowers 4

flower: Sclerolaena fontinalis JRG335 Witjira NP flowers 5

flower: Sclerolaena fontinalis f Denzel Murfet Birdsville Track

fruit: Sclerolaena fontinalis JRG319 fruit Witjira NP 6

seed: Sclerolaena fontinalis JRG319 fruit

seed: Sclerolaena fontinalis JRG319 fruit 2

Regional Species Conservation Assessments per IBRA subregion.

Least concern

Near threatened

Rare

Vulnerable

Endangered

Critically endangered

Extinct

Data deficient

Adelaide

Arkaroola

Ceduna

Coober Pedy

Hawker

Innamincka

Marla

Marree

Mount Gambier

Oodnadatta

Renmark

Wudinna

Keith

Yunta

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Common names

Mound Spring Bindyi

Etymology

'Sclerolaena' from the Greek skleros, meaning hard, and chlaina, meaning covering, referring to the hard fruiting perianth covering the seed; fontinalis meaning from fountains or springs and pertains to its habitat near mound springs.

Distribution and status

Endemic to South Australia, localised near Dalhousie Springs. Rare in South Australia
Herbarium region: Lake Eyre
AVH map: SA distribution map (external link)

Plant description

Compact rounded shrub to 30 centimetres high with fleshy green leaves, covered with white woolly hairs. Fruits are woody, hairy fruit with 5 spines; attachment basal, circular, 0.5-0.8 mm diam. Seeds are ellipsoid to circular, brown, convex seed Seed embryo type is peripheral

Seed collection and propagation

Collect seeds from shrubs when they are mature and easily detached. Remove twigs, leaves and other material using a sieve. Leave fruits to dry before storage

Seeds stored:

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Location	No. of seeds (weight grams)	Number of plants	Date collected	Collection number Collection location	Date stored	% Viability	Storage temperature
BGA MSB	3,800 (20.28 g) 3,800 (20.28 g)	10	3-Sep-2015	JRG335 Lake Eyre	2-May-2017	95%	+5°C, -18°C, -80°C
BGA	27,000 (128.92 g)	30+	1-Sep-2015	JRG322 Lake Eyre	2-May-2017	65%	+5°C, -18°C, -80°C

Location: BGA — the seeds are stored at the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, MSB — the seeds are stored at the Millennium Seed Bank, Kew, England.
Number of plants: This is the number of plants from which the seeds were collected.
Collection location: The Herbarium of South Australia's region name.
% Viability: Percentage of filled healthy seeds determined by a cut test or x-ray.

Germination table:

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Date	Result	T0	T50	Pre-treatment \| Germination medium \| Incubator: Photoperiod / Thermoperiod
Jul-16	12%	21	NA	500 mg/L gibberellic acid 24 h; 1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions
Jul-16	0%	NA	NA	leached in water 72 h; 1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions
Jul-16	0%	NA	NA	1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions

Result: Maximum percentage of germination observed.
T0: Number of days before first germinant observed.
T50: Number of days to achieve 50% germination.
Pre-treatment: The initial treatment that the seeds received prior to placement on germination media.
Germination medium: The substrate that seeds were placed on for the duration of the germination experiment.
Incubator conditions:
Photoperiod: The duration of light exposure that the seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Thermoperiod: The constant or diurnal temperatures that seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Winter conditions: 15°C 20 h (3am→11pm); 5°C 4 h (11pm→3am) / 10 h light (8am→6pm); 14 h dark (6pm→8am)
Spring/Autumn conditions: 22°C 12 h (8am→8pm); 10°C 12 h (8pm→8am) / 12 h light (8am→8pm); 12 h dark (8pm→8am)
Summer conditions: 30°C 14 h (6am→8pm); 15°C 10 h (8pm→6am) / 14 h light (6am→8pm); 10 h dark (8pm→6am)