Senecio macrocarpus

Regional Species Conservation Assessments per IBRA subregion.

Least concern

Near threatened

Rare

Vulnerable

Endangered

Critically endangered

Extinct

Data deficient

Adelaide

Arkaroola

Ceduna

Coober Pedy

Hawker

Innamincka

Marla

Marree

Mount Gambier

Oodnadatta

Renmark

Wudinna

Keith

Yunta

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Lanin 'senex' an old man, refers to the white pappus and Greek 'macros' large, 'carpos' fruit

Occuring in a variety of habitats including grasslands, sedgelands, shrublands and woodlands. Often in depressions that are waterlogged in winter, on sandy loam to heavy clay soils. Vulnerable in South Australia
Herbarium regions: Flinders Ranges, Northern Lofty, Murray, Yorke Peninsula, Southern Lofty, South Eastern, Green Adelaide
NRM regions: Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges, Northern and Yorke, South Australian Arid Lands, South Australian Murray-Darling Basin, South East
AVH map: SA distribution map (external link)

Perennial herb 20-70cm high. Leaves alternate, linear, 10cm long, 2-5mm wide, grey-green, covered with fine hairs. Inflorescence a cyme with 2-10 capitula 18mm x 20mm. Up to 150 yellow florets, surrounded by linear, pointed bracts. Flowering September - October. Fruits are achenes 4.5-5 rarely 6 mm long, brown, rostrate, covered in very short, greyish hairs; pappus deciduous, dimorphic.

Location	No. of seeds (weight grams)	Number of plants	Date collected	Collection number Collection location	Date stored	% Viability	Storage temperature
BGA MSB	13,000 (6.4 g) 13,000 (6.4 g)	100+	12-Oct-2005	DJD141 South Eastern	14-Sep-2006	90%	+5°C, -18°C
BGA	21,700 (6.24 g)	50	18-Sep-2007	RJB74668 South Eastern	19-Sep-2008	100%	+5°C, -18°C
BGA	8,350 (2.58 g)	50+	15-Sep-2011	DJD2242 South Eastern	1-Nov-2012	44%	-18°C
BGA	5,240 (25.62 g)		1-Oct-2013	KHB306 Flinders Ranges	24-Mar-2015	95%	+5°C, -18°C
BGA	12,145 (5.83 g)		1-Oct-2014	KHB306 Flinders Ranges	1-Jan-2016	95%	-18°C
BGA	15,000 (8.86 g)	9	1-Oct-2018	KHB306 Flinders Ranges	24-Apr-2019	80%	-18°C, -80°C
BGA	68,600 (34.13 g)	50+	25-Sep-2018	JRG689 South Eastern	24-Apr-2019	85%	-18°C, -80°C

Location: BGA — the seeds are stored at the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, MSB — the seeds are stored at the Millennium Seed Bank, Kew, England.
Number of plants: This is the number of plants from which the seeds were collected.
Collection location: The Herbarium of South Australia's region name.
% Viability: Percentage of filled healthy seeds determined by a cut test or x-ray.

Date	Result	T0	T50	Pre-treatment \| Germination medium \| Incubator: Photoperiod / Thermoperiod
Jun-12	60%	8	18	1% agar with 250 mg/L gibberellic acid (pH 6.5); Incubated under winter conditions
Jun-12	54%	8	18	1% agar with 100 mg/L potassium nitrate; Incubated under winter conditions
Jun-12	48%	8	NA	1% agar; Incubated under winter conditions
Jun-12	44%	8	NA	1% agar with 250 mg/L gibberellic acid (pH 6.5); Incubated under spring/autumn conditions
Jun-12	38%	8	NA	1% agar with 100 mg/L potassium nitrate; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions
Jun-12	22%	6	NA	1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions

Result: Maximum percentage of germination observed.
T0: Number of days before first germinant observed.
T50: Number of days to achieve 50% germination.
Pre-treatment: The initial treatment that the seeds received prior to placement on germination media.
Germination medium: The substrate that seeds were placed on for the duration of the germination experiment.
Incubator conditions:
Photoperiod: The duration of light exposure that the seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Thermoperiod: The constant or diurnal temperatures that seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Winter conditions: 15°C 20 h (3am→11pm); 5°C 4 h (11pm→3am) / 10 h light (8am→6pm); 14 h dark (6pm→8am)
Spring/Autumn conditions: 22°C 12 h (8am→8pm); 10°C 12 h (8pm→8am) / 12 h light (8am→8pm); 12 h dark (8pm→8am)
Summer conditions: 30°C 14 h (6am→8pm); 15°C 10 h (8pm→6am) / 14 h light (6am→8pm); 10 h dark (8pm→6am)

Lucindale (NCP03)	Naracoorte Coastal Plain	Data Deficient [could be squarrosus]
Tintinara (NCP04)		Vulnerable (IUCN: VU D2) [localised in Messent & Gum Lagoon; P Lang - could be Rare]
Broughton (FLB02)	Flinders Lofty Block	Critically Endangered (IUCN: CR D) (Probable Decline) [Clare record unreliable. Population near Tarcowie on roadside. Less than 50 plants.]
Southern Yorke (EYB01)	Eyre Yorke Block	Endangered (IUCN: EN D) (Probable Decline) [prone to grazing, habitat specific]
Murray Lakes and Coorong (MDD03)	Murray Darling Depression	Vulnerable (IUCN: VU B2ab(i,ii,iii); D2) (Probable Decline) [some taxo issues; responds to fire & rain]