Teucrium grandiusculum ssp. pilosum
Labiatae
Great hairy germander
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Regional Species Conservation Assessments per IBRA subregion.


Least concern
Near threatened
Rare
Vulnerable
Endangered
Critically endangered
Extinct
Data deficient
Adelaide
Arkaroola
Ceduna
Coober Pedy
Hawker
Innamincka
Marla
Marree
Mount Gambier
Oodnadatta
Renmark
Wudinna
Keith
Yunta
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Gawler Lakes (GAW03) | Gawler | Endangered (IUCN: EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)) (Definite Decline) |
Yellabinna (GVD06) | Great Victoria Desert | Endangered (IUCN: EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)) (Definite Decline) |
Etymology
Teucrium from the Greek 'teucrion', a name used by Dioscorides possibly after Teucer, a Trojan king who used the plant as a medicine. Grandiusculum a diminitave of the Latin 'grandis' meaning large; alluding to the flowers. Pilosum from the Greek 'pilos' meaning hair; referring to the hairy nature of the subspecies.
Distribution and status
Endemic to South Australia and found near Ooldea and Lake Everard. Native. Very rare in South Australia.
Herbarium regions: Nullarbor, Gairdner-Torrens, Eyre Peninsula
NRM regions: Alinytjara Wilurara, South Australian Arid Lands
AVH map: SA distribution map (external link)
Plant description
Perennial shrub to 80 cm high with quadrangular stems. Leaves covered in hairs and with numerous serrations at the tip. Flowers are white with 2 petals up and 3 petals down along a spike appearing in spring. This sub-species can be distinguished from the other sub-species (T. grandiusculum ssp. grandiusculum) by having denser and longer hairs along the stems. Fruits are brown capsules with up to four segments, each containing a seed. Seeds are small pale brown convex seeds to 2.5 mm long and 1.5 mm wide, covered in short hairs and with a plug at one end. Seed embryo type is linear fully developed.
Seed collection and propagation
Collect seeds between November and December. Collect capsules that are large, hard and turning brown. These will contain developed seeds. Collect more than required as some of the seeds will be empty and not viable. Place the capsules in a tray and leave to dry for a week. Then rub the capsules gently with a rubber bung to dislodge the seeds from the capsules. Use a sieve to separate the unwanted material. Some of seeds will be empty. Use an aspirator to siphon off the lighter, non-viable seeds from the heavier good seeds. Store the seeds with a desiccant such as dried silica beads or dry rice, in an air tight container in a cool and dry place. From one collection, the seed viability was average, at 70%. This species has morphophysiological dormancy and can be difficult to germinate.
Location | No. of seeds (weight grams) | Number of plants | Date collected | Collection number Collection location | Date stored | % Viability | Storage temperature | BGA MSB | 2,300 (4.43 g) 2,300 (4.43 g) | 100+ | 4-Nov-2009 | DJD1656 Nullarbor | 25-Jan-2011 | 70% | -18°C |
Location: BGA — the seeds are stored at the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, MSB — the seeds are stored at the Millennium Seed Bank, Kew, England.
Number of plants: This is the number of plants from which the seeds were collected.
Collection location: The Herbarium of South Australia's region name.
% Viability: Percentage of filled healthy seeds determined by a cut test or x-ray.
Germination table:
Display
Date | Result | T0 | T50 | Pre-treatment | Germination medium | Incubator: Photoperiod / Thermoperiod |
Apr-10 | 100% | 14 | 21 |
1% agar with 250 mg/L gibberellic acid (pH 6.5); Incubated under spring/autumn conditions |
Apr-10 | 85% | 14 | 63 |
1% agar with 250 mg/L gibberellic acid (pH 6.5); Incubated under spring/autumn conditions |
Apr-10 | 80% | 14 | 70 |
20% hydrogen peroxide 10 min, water rinse; 1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions |
Apr-10 | 70% | 21 | 91 |
dry heat 80°C oven 10 min, 20% hydrogen peroxide 10 min; water rinse 1% agar; Incubated under spring/autumn conditions |
Result: Maximum percentage of germination observed.
T0: Number of days before first germinant observed.
T50: Number of days to achieve 50% germination.
Pre-treatment: The initial treatment that the seeds received prior to placement on germination media.
Germination medium: The substrate that seeds were placed on for the duration of the germination experiment.
Incubator conditions:
Photoperiod: The duration of light exposure that the seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Thermoperiod: The constant or diurnal temperatures that seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Winter conditions: 15°C 20 h (3am→11pm); 5°C 4 h (11pm→3am) / 10 h light (8am→6pm); 14 h dark (6pm→8am)
Spring/Autumn conditions: 22°C 12 h (8am→8pm); 10°C 12 h (8pm→8am) / 12 h light (8am→8pm); 12 h dark (8pm→8am)
Summer conditions: 30°C 14 h (6am→8pm); 15°C 10 h (8pm→6am) / 14 h light (6am→8pm); 10 h dark (8pm→6am)